Peshawar is the capital of Pakistan´s North West Frontier Province near the Afghan border.
It has been hit by a wave of violence in recent months.
Police say militants attacked the security check post in a border area between Peshawar and Bara Tehsil.
The five security personnel were killed after a long gun battle with the militants.
No militant casualties could be confirmed.
Hours after that attack, U-S drone aircraft killed at least six militants in Pakistan´s North Waziristan area.
It is a major al Qaeda and Taliban sanctuary.
U-S officials say the pilotless drones are one of the most effective weapons against militants.
Their strikes have killed senior Taliban and al Qaeda figures.
But they have caused resentment in Pakistan, where anti-American feelings often run high.